Sažetak (hrvatski) | Kako se u drugoj polovici 19. st. hrvatski jezik učvrstio u Hrvatskoj kao nastavni, školski su priručnici iz logike, tiskani u to doba, gotovo svi bili pisani hrvatskim jezikom. Osnovne elemente logike sadrži već i metodički priručnik za nastavu vjeronauka, izdan 1850. god. u Zagrebu, što ga je napisao Stjepan Ilijašević. Koliko je poznato, prva relativno samostalna logika na hrvatskom jeziku gimnazijski je priručnik Vinka Pacela (Zagreb, 1868), koji sadrži formalnu logiku kantovsko-herbartovskoga usmjerenja. Nakon toga, sažetiju je logiku napisao Josip Giaser, profesor na učiteljskoj školi u Petrinji (Zagreb, 1878). Karakteristična je Glaserova psihologistička orijentacija u logici (oslanja se na Dittesa i Benekea). Logika Đure Arnolda (l. izd. 1888, 2. izd. 1898, nakon toga još tri izdanja) zastupa "formalno-realnu" koncepciju, kao posrednu između formalne (herbartovske) i realne logike (Trendelenburg, induktivna logika, logika posebnih znanosti), pri čemu je također prisutna i psihologistička crta. Arnoldova će se logika opširnije obraditi u zasebnome članku, u njezinu odnosu prema logici Franje Markovića.
U to se doba izdaju i prijevodi. Tako je izdan anonimni prijevod ugledne logike isusovca S. Tongiorgija, proistekle iz skolastičke tradicije (Zagreb, 1871, l. i 2. dio, prev. "jedan svetjenik Zagrebačke nadbiskupije). Herbartovsku logiku M. A. Drbala, tada vrlo poznatu u Monarhiji, preveo je kotorski gimnazijski profesor Petar Joković (Zadar, 1882).
Osim što je putem navedenih knjiga u Hrvatskoj prezentirano nekoliko različitih u 19. st. zastupljenih koncepcija logike, te knjige ujedno dokumentiraju i proces formiranja hrvatske logičke terminologije. Arnoldova je logika već vrlo bliska danas uobičajenoj terminologiji, dok starije logike svjedoče o nizu još uvijek poticajnih, kasnije napuštenih terminoloških rješenja. |
Sažetak (engleski) | As Croatian was established as the language of instruction in Croatian schools in the second half of the nineteenth century, almost all of the contemporary logic textbooks were written in Croatian. The basic elements of logic have already been included in the catechism methodics manual written by Stjepan Ilijašević and published in Zagreb in 1850. As far as we know, the first relatively independent logic in Croatian was the high-school textbook by Vinko Pacel (Zagreb, 1868); it incorporated the formal logic of Kantian-Herbartian form. After that, a less comprehensive Logic was written by Josip Glaser, a professor at the training-college in Petrinja (Zagreb, 1878). Glaser's psychologic orientation in logic is characteristic (he follows Dittes and Beneke). The Logic by Đuro Arnold (lst ed. 1888, 2nd ed. 1898, followed by three more) advances the "formal-real" concept as an intermediate between the formal (Herbartian) and real logic (Trendelenburg, inductive logic, logic of special sciences); some psychologistic features are present in this concept as well. Arnold's logic will be discussed in detail in a separate article, concerning especially its relations to the logic of Franjo Marković.
Translations were published at the time, too. An anonymous translation of the renowned Logic written by the Jesuit S. Tongiorgi, which builds on scholastic tradition, was thus published in Zagreb in 1871 (two vols., trans. by "a priest of the Zagreb archdiocese"). The Herbartian Logic by M. A. Orbal, widely known throughout the Monarchyat the time, was translated by the highschool professor Petar Joković (Zadar, 1882).
Apart from the fact that these books presented several different conceptions of logic promoted in 19th century to Croatia, they also document the process of formation of Croatian logical terminology. Amold's Logic is already quite close to the terminology common today, while the older Logics give evidence of the many, although still motivating, eventually abandoned terms. |