Our text presents an investigation into the question if communist socialism was more beneficiary to women than capitalism, in relative terms. More particularly, we are approaching the topic from a very specific and limited aspect: the object of our research is the academic position of women philosophers in the Socialist Republic of Croatia in the period 1945–1989. The data we acquired show that, in that period, there were 43 men and 11 women, holding PhD degrees, active in philosophy across various Croatian academic institutions. In other words, of 54 active philosophers 26% were women. Moreover, as for publications authored by women in Croatia, in the period between 1945 and 1989, there were 2906 philosophical texts published by men and 528 published by women. In percentage, this means that 15,4% of the texts were authored by women. The proportion of women authorship is 0,2. These numbers are significantly higher than women authorships in contemporary philosophical journals in the West and correspond roughly to the numbers of present-day presence of women philosophers’ texts in world’s leading philosophical journals. Further, 26% of women faculty in the SRC corresponds to the present-day women philosophers’ employment at universities and institutes in capitalist countries, including present-day Croatia. This comparison brings us to the conclusion that women philosophers’ academic position during communism was comparably significantly better than in contemporary capitalist countries, or, in other words some fifty years ahead of time. We assumed that two factors contributed to this overall favourable situation. The first is that the communist legal administration removed obstacles from women’s employment at universities and scientific institutes by incorporating the equality of labour division across societal strata and sexes in the constitution. Second, communism and socialism were themselves interesting topics of philosophical investigation for women for both systems insisted on overall gender equality – which, at the time, was far from being realized in most of the western countries. In our research we did not make any ideological or moral evaluations of communist socialism which, for its undemocratic and totalitarian government, had many shortcomings for women as well as for men.